Flow resistance of vegetated oblique weir-like obstacles during high water stages

At high water stages, obstacles (submerged and particularly emerged vegetation) in the flood plains of a river contribute to the flow resistance and hamper the conveyance capacity. In particular the elevated vegetated parts are expected to play an important role. The objective of this research work is to determine the form drag due to vegetated oblique weir-like obstacles. Experiments have been performed to measure the energy head losses for a range of subcritical flow conditions, varying discharges and downstream water levels. The energy head loss caused by the submerged vegetated weir-like obstacle has been modeled using an expansion loss form drag model that has been derived from the one-dimensional momentum conservation equation and accounts for the energy loss associated with a deceleration of the flow downstream of a sudden expansion. The results have been compared with the experimental data and showed an overall good agreement.