Synthesis and characterization of lead-free ternary component BST-BCT-BZT ceramic capacitors

Polycrystalline sample of lead-free 1/3(Ba0:70Sr0:30TiO3) + 1/3(Ba0:70Ca0:30TiO3) + 1/3(BaZr0:20Ti0:80O3)(BST-BCT-BZT) ceramic was synthesized by solid state reaction method. Phase purity and crystal structure of as-synthesized materials was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Temperature-dependent dielectric permittivity studies demonstrated frequency-independent behavior, indicating that the studied sample has typical diffuse phase transition behavior with partial thermal hysteresis. A ferroelectric phase transition between cubic and tetragonal phase was noticed near room temperature (similar to 330 K). Bulk P-E hysteresis loop showed a saturation polarization of 20.4 mu C/cm(2) and a coercive field of similar to 12.78 kV/cm at a maximum electric field of similar to 115 kV/cm. High dielectric constant (epsilon similar to 5773), low dielectric loss (tan delta similar to 0.03) were recorded at room temperature. Discharge energy density of 0.44 J/cm(3) and charge energy density of 1.40 J/cm(3) were calculated from nonlinear ferroelectric hysteresis loop at maximum electric field. Dielectric constant at variable temperatures and electric fields, ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition and energy storage properties were thoroughly discussed.