Role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF) beta in the physiopathology of rheumatoid arthritis

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a cytokine with pleiotropic functions in hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. Although its role in rheumatoid arthritis is not well defined, TGF-beta activation leads to functional immunomodulatory effects according to environmental conditions. The function of TGF-beta in the development of arthritis in murine models has been extensively studied with controversial results. Recent findings point to a non-relevant role for TGF-beta in a mice model of collagen-induced arthritis. The study of TGF-beta on T-cell responses has shown controversial results as an inhibitor or promoter of the inflammatory response. This paper presents a review of the role of TGF-beta in animal models of arthritis. (C) 2013 Elsevier Espafia, S.L. All rights reserved.