Journal
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 18, Issue 10, Pages 6949-6956Publisher
AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2018.15454
Keywords
Carbon Materials; Nanocage; Graphitic Shell; Nitrogen Doping; Supercapacitor
Categories
Funding
- Natural Science Fund of Hubei Province [2017CFB155]
- Scientific Research Plan Project of Hubei Education Department [B2017269]
- Scientific Research Initial funding for the advanced talent of Jianghan University [1009-06810001, 08010001, 1009-06750001]
- Basic Research Project of Wuhan City [2015011701011593]
- 4th Yellow Crane Talent Project of Wuhan City, Hubei Province Innovative Young Research Team in Universities [T201318]
- Hubei Province the Featured Superior Disciplinary Group of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices [10-43001013]
- [JDGD-201613]
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Nitrogen doped carbon nanocage with graphitic shell (NGCS) was fabricated through in-situ solid reaction between calcium acetate and dicyandiamide in an inert atmosphere followed by acid etching. The role played by the calcium acetate (Ca(Ac)(2)) and dicyandiamide (DCD) during the synthesis process is one-stone-two-birds. Calcium acetate plays multiple functions: template agent, graphitization catalyst, and carbon source. Dicyandiamide can be considered as the nitrogen sources and the chemical reaction agent that can be reacted with calcium acetate to form it into CaCN2. The NGCS obtained at 800 degrees C has a specific surface area of 420 m(2)/g and nitrogen content of 8.87 at%. The excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to the combination effects of porous structure, nitrogen doping and graphitized nanocage shell of NGCS electrode. The hollow structure serves as the reservoir for fast electrolyte ion supplement. Nitrogen groups not only improve the wettability of interfaces between carbon surface and electrolyte, but also generate extra pseudocapacitance through redox reaction. The graphitic carbon nanocage shell can enhance the conductivity and facilitates the fast charge transfer. At a current density of 0.5 A/g, the specific capacitance of the NGCS-800 electrode is 215 F/g. Furthermore, the NGCS-800 electrode exhibits excellent rate capability (80% capacitance retention at 10 A/g) and outstanding cycling stability (96.89% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles). These intriguing results demonstrate that nitrogen doped carbon with graphitic shell will be highly promising as electrode materials for supercapacitors and other energy storage and conversation applications.
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