Journal
GPS SOLUTIONS
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 313-319Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s10291-015-0437-5
Keywords
Differential code biases; Long-term variation; Ionospheric variability; Satellite replacement
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41325017, 41274157, 41174139, 41121003, 41025016]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-01]
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2012CB825605]
- Thousand Young Talents Program of China
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1522830] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The global positioning system (GPS) differential code biases (DCB) provided by the International GNSS Service (IGS) show solar-cycle-like variation during 2002-2013. This study is to examine whether this variation of the GPS DCBs is associated with ionospheric variability. The GPS observations from low earth orbit (LEO) satellites including CHAMP, GRACE and Jason-1 are used to address this issue. The GPS DCBs estimated from the LEO-based observations at different orbit altitudes show a similar tendency as the IGS DCBs. However, this solar-cycle-like dependency is eliminated when the DCBs of 13 continuously operating GPS satellites are constrained to zero-mean. Our results thus revealed that ionospheric variation is not responsible for the long-term variation of the GPS DCBs. Instead, it is attributed to the GPS satellite replacement with different satellite types and the zero-mean condition imposed on all satellite DCBs.
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