Journal
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
Volume 28, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6439/aaa80f
Keywords
liquid metal; epidermal electronics; physiological monitoring; simulation treatment
Categories
Funding
- NSFC Key Project [91748206]
- Ministry of Higher Education Equipment Development Fund
- Frontier Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Conformable epidermal printed electronics enabled from gallium-based liquid metals (LMs), highly conductive and low-melting-point alloys, are proposed as the core to achieving immediate contact between skin surface and electrodes, which can avoid the skin deformation often caused by conventional rigid electrodes. When measuring signals, LMs can eliminate resonance problems with shorter time to reach steady state than Pt and gelled Pt electrodes. By comparing the contact resistance under different working conditions, it is demonstrated that both ex vivo and in vivo LM electrode-skin models have the virtues of direct and immediate contact with skin surface without the deformation encountered with conventional rigid electrodes. In addition, electrocardio electrodes composed of conformable LM printed epidermal electronics are adopted as smart devices to monitor electrocardiogram signals of rabbits. Furthermore, simulation treatment for smart defibrillation offers a feasible way to demonstrate the effect of liquid metal electrodes (LMEs) on the human body with less energy loss. The remarkable features of soft epidermal LMEs such as high conformability, good conductivity, better signal stability, and fine biocompatibility represent a critical step towards accurate medical monitoring and future smart treatments.
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