Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 306, Issue 7, Pages F701-F709Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00656.2013
Keywords
homeostasis; parathyroid hormone; renal disease; signaling; vasopressin
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01DK097007]
- O'Brien Center for Acute Kidney Injury Research [P30DK079337]
- American Heart Association [10SDG2610034]
- Carl W. Gottschalk Research Grant of the American Society of Nephrology
- Department of Veterans Affairs
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Adenylyl cyclases (AC) catalyze formation of cAMP, a critical component of G protein-coupled receptor signaling. So far, nine distinct membrane-bound AC isoforms (AC1-9) and one soluble AC (sAC) have been identified and, except for AC8, all of them are expressed in the kidney. While the role of ACs in renal cAMP formation is well established, we are just beginning to understand the function of individual AC isoforms, particularly with regard to hormonal regulation of transporter and channel phosphorylation, membrane abundance, and trafficking. This review focuses on the role of different AC isoforms in regulating renal water and electrolyte transport in health as well as potential pathological implications of disordered AC isoform function. In particular, we focus on modulation of transporter and channel abundance, activity, and phosphorylation, with an emphasis on studies employing genetically modified animals. As will be described, it is now evident that specific AC isoforms can exert unique effects in the kidney that may have important implications in our understanding of normal physiology as well as disease pathogenesis.
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