Journal
JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 104, Issue -, Pages 1-8Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.11.002
Keywords
Drosophila; Oxidative stress; Telomeres; Hydrogen peroxide; Paraquat; Hormesis; Retroelements
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Funding
- Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [17-03253S]
- Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia [052/2013/P, 038/2014/P]
- Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia
- Max Planck Society
- European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [316304]
- OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH [P40OD018537] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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It has been proposed that oxidative stress, elicited by high levels of reactive oxygen species, accelerates telomere shortening by erosion of telomeric DNA repeats. While most eukaryotes counteract telomere shortening by telomerase-driven addition of these repeats, telomeric loss in Drosophila is compensated by retrotransposition of the telomeric retroelements HeT-A, TART and TAHRE to chromosome ends. In this study we tested the effect of chronic exposure of flies to non-/sub-lethal doses of paraquat, which is a redox cycling compound widely used to induce oxidative stress in various experimental paradigms including telomere length analyses. Indeed, chronic paraquat exposure for five generations resulted in elevated transcriptional activity of both telomeric and nontelomeric transposable elements, and extended telomeric length in the tested fly lines. We propose that low oxidative stress leads to increased telomere length within Drosophila populations. For a mechanistic understanding of the observed phenomenon we discuss two scenarios: adaption, acting through a direct stimulation of telomere extension, or positive selection favoring individuals with longer telomeres within the population.
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