Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 218, Issue 4, Pages 555-562Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy199
Keywords
Ebola virus disease; therapy; blood plasma; Ebola virus; Ebola antibodies
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Funding
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
- Greenbaum Foundation
- Paul G. Allen Family Foundation
- US Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CB10166]
- World Food Programme
- Cerus Corporation
- Abbott
- B. Braun Medical
- Haemonetics
- Helmer Scientific
- Fisher Scientific
- Welch Allyn
- BD
- PDC Healthcare
- Duke University Center for AIDS Research, a National Institutes of Health [5P30 AI064518]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [P30AI064518, R01AI123535] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Background. Ebola virus (EBOV) neutralizing antibody in plasma may reduce viral load following administration of plasma to patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD), but measurement of these antibodies is complex. Methods. Anti-EBOV antibody was measured by 2 neutralization and 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in convalescent plasma (ECP) from 100 EVD survivor donors in Liberia. Viral load was assessed repetitively in patients with EVD participating in a clinical trial of enhanced standard of care plus ECP. Results. All 4 anti-EBOV assays were highly concordant for detection of EBOV antibody. Antibodies were not detected in plasma specimens obtained from 15 of 100 donors, including 7 with documented EBOV-positive reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction during EVD. Viral load was reduced following each dose in the 2 clinical trial participants who received ECP with higher antibody levels but not in the 2 who received ECP with lower antibody levels. Conclusions. Recovery from EVD can occur with absence of detectable anti-EBOV antibody several months after disease onset. ELISAs may be useful to select ECP donors or identify ECP units that contain neutralizing antibody. ECP with higher anti-EBOV antibody levels may have greater effect on EBOV load-an observation that requires further investigation.
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