Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 218, Issue -, Pages S508-S518Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy352
Keywords
Ebola virus; gene expression; T cells; T-cell receptor
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Funding
- German Research Foundation [DFG-MU 3565/3-0, DFG-GU 883/5-1]
- German Center for Infection Research [DZIF-TTU01.702]
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1247312]
- US Food and Drug Administration [HHSF223201510104C]
- [R01 AI1096159]
- [R21 AI121933]
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Differences in T-cell phenotype, particularly the expression of markers of T-cell homeostasis, have been observed in fatal and nonfatal Ebola virus disease (EVD). However, the relationship between these markers with T-cell function and virus clearance during EVD is poorly understood. To gain biological insight into the role of T cells during EVD, combined transcriptomics and T-cell receptor sequencing was used to profile blood samples from fatal and nonfatal EVD patients from the recent West African EVD epidemic. Fatal EVD was characterized by strong T-cell activation and increased abundance of T-cell inhibitory molecules. However, the early T-cell response was oligoclonal and did not result in viral clearance. In contrast, survivors mounted highly diverse T-cell responses, maintained low levels of T-cell inhibitors, and cleared Ebola virus. Our findings highlight the importance of T-cell immunity in surviving EVD and strengthen the foundation for further research on targeting of the dendritic cell-T cell interface for postexposure immunotherapy.
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