Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 201, Issue 1, Pages 11-18Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800325
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [DK61707, DK091191]
- Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [PTDC/IMI-IMU/5723/2014]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK061707, R01DK091191, R01DK095782] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for both microbes and their hosts. The biologic importance of Fe derives from its inherent ability to act as a universal redox catalyst, co-opted in a variety of biochemical processes critical to maintain life. Animals evolved several mechanisms to retain and limit Fe availability to pathogenic microbes, a resistance mechanism termed nutritional immunity. Likewise, pathogenic microbes coevolved to deploy diverse and efficient mechanisms to acquire Fe from their hosts and in doing so overcome nutritional immunity. In this review, we discuss how the innate immune system regulates Fe metabolism to withhold Fe from pathogenic microbes and how strategies used by pathogens to acquire Fe circumvent these resistance mechanisms.
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