Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 357, Issue -, Pages 506-514Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.012
Keywords
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs); Brilliant green; Degradation pathways; Dyes; Second order rate constant; Water treatment
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Funding
- Higher Education Commission (HEC), Paldstan through an International Research Support Initiative Program (IRSIP)
- CRPF - Republic of Cyprus
- European Regional Development Fund of the EU [NEA IPODOMI/STRATH/0308/09]
- University of Cincinnati
- Herman Schneider Professorship in the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences
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The removal of brilliant green (BG), a toxic organic and cationic dye, has been examined by UV/S2O82- (PS), UV/HSO5- (PMS) and UV/H2O2 processes. BG showed insignificant direct photolysis at 254 nm (i.e., 8.6% after 30 min). However, enhanced BG degradation was observed in UV/PS, UV/PMS and UV/H2O2 systems as revealed from 63.1, 47.0 and 34.8% BG degradation, respectively, at 30 min of reaction time, using 0.05 mM BG and 1.0 mM oxidant initial concentration: The bimolecular rate constants of center dot OH and SO4 center dot(-) with BG were determined to be 2.35 x 10(9) and 2.21 x 10(9) M-1 s(-1), respectively. Electrical energy per order (EE/O) values for UV/PS, UV/PMS and UV/H2O2 processes were calculated to be 5.4, 6.8, and 7.8 KWh/m(3)/order, respectively. The addition of humic acid (HA) and inorganic anions inhibited the degradation of BG by UV/PS in the order of NO2- > HA > HCO3- > Cl- > NO3- approximate to SO42-. The results of frontier electron densities (FEDs) showed that C-atom holding the three rings (C7), and C-atoms at para positions to N-alkyl groups of the two rings (C4 and C14) are the predominant sites for radical addition. Furthermore, nine degradation products (DPs) of BG were detected experimentally using LC/MS/MS.
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