Iridoid glycoside and lignans from a wild vegetable (Patrinia villosa Juss.) with antioxidant activity

Patrinia villosa Juss. (P. villosa) is a beneficial wild vegetable, which is widely distributed in Asia and North America. It can be made into a salad, used as greens in porridge and soup for its fresh smells and highly nutritious. Chemical investigation of P. villosa led to the isolation, purification and identification of one new iridoid glycoside (1) along with nineteen known lignans (2-20). Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. All compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activities by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. Based on the results, P.villosa could be used as a new natural antioxidant in food industries and biomedical applications. Practical applications Fresh fruits and vegetables are important sources of natural antioxidants, which can protect human from oxidative damage. Patrinia villosa Juss. (P. villosa) is a beneficial wild vegetable, and it is rich in many macroelements, microelements, and vitamins, which possess health- promoting properties. As a functional food, P. villosa has also been used to treat a number of diseases including chronic gastritis, mumps, tonsillitis, and gynecological conditions for hundreds years. In the article, one new iridoid glycoside along with nineteen known lignans were obtained from P. villosa and their antioxidant activities were evaluated by three different assays. The results can be expected to develop new natural antioxidant from P. villosa in food industries.