Journal
JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS
Volume 26, Issue 1, Pages 47-57Publisher
FOOD & DRUG ADMINSTRATION
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.023
Keywords
germinated rice extract; metabolic pathway; metabolite profiling; multivariate data analysis; rice variety
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Funding
- Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program [PHD/0163/2554]
- Neresuan University through the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program [PHD/0163/2554]
- Naresuan University
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In an attempt to profile the metabolites of three different varieties of germinated rice, specifically black (GBR), red, and white rice, a H-1-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-based metabolomics approach was conducted. Multivariate data analysis was applied to discriminate between the three different varieties using a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model. The PLS model was used to evaluate the relationship between chemicals and biological activities of germinated rice. The PLS-DA score plot exhibited a noticeable separation between the three rice varieties into three clusters by PC1 and PC2. The PLS model indicated that alpha-linolenic acid, gamma-oryzanol, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-aminobutyric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, fumaric acid, fatty acids, threonine, tryptophan, and vanillic acid were significantly correlated with the higher bioactivities demonstrated by GBR that was extracted in 100% ethanol. Subsequently, the proposed biosynthetic pathway analysis revealed that the increased quantities of secondary metabolites found in GBR may contribute to its nutritional value and health benefits. Copyright (C) 2017, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.
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