Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 221, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.154559
Keywords
pH; Teleost; Metabolic rate; Oxygen uptake; Root effect; Climate change; Acidification; Freshwater; Ocean
Categories
Funding
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies via a Post-Graduate Research Scholarship
- ARC Super Science Fellowship
- ARC Early Career Discovery Award
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Aquatic acidification, caused by elevating levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), is increasing in both freshwater and marine ecosystems worldwide. However, few studies have examined how acidification will affect oxygen (O-2) transport and, therefore, performance in fishes. Although data are generally lacking, the majority of fishes investigated in this meta-analysis exhibited no effect of elevated CO2 at the level of O-2 uptake, suggesting that they are able to maintain metabolic performance during a period of acidosis. Notably, the mechanisms that fish employ to maintain performance and O-2 uptake have yet to be verified. Here, we summarize current data related to one recently proposed mechanism underpinning the maintenance of O-2 uptake during exposure to aquatic acidification, and reveal knowledge gaps that could be targeted for future research. Most studies have examined O-2 uptake rates while fishes were resting and did not calculate aerobic scope, even though aerobic scope can aid in predicting changes to whole-animal metabolic performance. Furthermore, research is lacking on different age classes, freshwater species and elasmobranchs, all of which might be impacted by future acidification conditions. Finally, this Review further seeks to emphasize the importance of developing collaborative efforts between molecular, physiological and ecological approaches in order to provide more comprehensive predictions as to how future fish populations will be affected by climate change.
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