4.7 Article

D-chiro-inositol enriched Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaench extract alleviates mitochondria' malfunction and inhibits ER stress/JNK associated inflammation in the endothelium

Journal

JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 214, Issue -, Pages 83-89

Publisher

ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.002

Keywords

D-chiro-inositol enriched tartary buckwheat extract; Mitochondrial malfunction; ER stress; JNK; Caspase-3

Funding

  1. China Agriculture Research System [CARS-08-D2-01]

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Ethnopharrnacological relevance: Tartary buckwheat is a food medicine dual-use crop with healing effects on cardiovascular diseases and type2 diabetes. It has been proposed that endothelial dysfunction is the initial lesion in these diseases and it's associated with mitochondria] dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation. D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is a bioactive compound of Tartary buckwheat and is always deficit in type2 diabetes. However, it remains unknown whether DCI-enriched Tartary buckwheat extract can ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress and inflammation in the endothelium. Material and methods: Endothelial cells were treated with palmitic acid (PA) and mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD). The effects of DCI-enriched Tartary buckwheat bran extract (TBBE) on superoxide anion generation, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drpl), mitofusin2 (Mfn2), inositol-requiring enzyme-1 alpha (IRE1 alpha) and Jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) activation and inflammation in the endothelium against lipotoxicity were investigated. Results: In endothelial cells, TBBE significantly inhibited oxidative stress. Meanwhile, in HFD-fed mice and PA induced cells, TBBE regulated Drpl phosphorylation and inhibited its activation, implying the protective effect of TBBE on mitochondrial morphology. As a result, TBBE protected mitochondrial function. Additionally, TBBE inhibited ER stress and reduced the production of IL-6 and VCAM-1, associated with JNK pathway, thereby inhibiting the caspase-3 activation in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions: Taken together, this study indicated the beneficial role of TBBE in endothelial inflammation, with emphasis on mitochondria, dysfunction, ER stress and JNK activation.

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