Journal
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 42, Issue 12, Pages 4736-4744Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2015GL064610
Keywords
traveling ionospheric disturbance; ionospheric modeling; gravity wave; tsunami
Categories
Funding
- NASA
- NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington [ROSES NNH10ZDA001N-GEOIM, NNH07ZDA001N-ESI]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences [0955629] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Tsunamis can generate gravity waves propagating upward through the atmosphere, inducing total electron content (TEC) disturbances in the ionosphere. To capture this process, we have implemented tsunami-generated gravity waves into the Global Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model (GITM) to construct a three-dimensional physics-based model WP (Wave Perturbation)-GITM. WP-GITM takes tsunami wave properties, including the wave height, wave period, wavelength, and propagation direction, as inputs and time-dependently characterizes the responses of the upper atmosphere between 100km and 600km altitudes. We apply WP-GITM to simulate the ionosphere above the West Coast of the United States around the time when the tsunami associated with the March 2011 Tohuku-Oki earthquke arrived. The simulated TEC perturbations agree with Global Positioning System observations reasonably well. For the first time, a fully self-consistent and physics-based model has reproduced the GPS-observed traveling ionospheric signatures of an actual tsunami event.
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