Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Volume 71, Issue -, Pages 168-178Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.04.022
Keywords
Air pollution particulate matter; PM2.5; Ultrafine particles; Physico-chemical characterization; Biotransformation; Genotoxicity
Categories
Funding
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa) [2010-368]
- Hauts-de-France Region [14003399]
- French Agency of the Environment and Energy (ADEME) [1494c0082-83-84]
- French Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche
- Hauts-de-France Region
- European Funds for Regional Economical Development
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Particulate matter in ambient air constitutes a complex mixture of fine and ultrafine particles composed of various chemical compounds including metals, ions, and organics. A multidisciplinary approach was developed by studying physico-chemical characteristics and mechanisms involved in the toxicity of particulate atmospheric pollution. PM0.3-25 and PM2.5 including ultrafine particles were sampled in Dunkerque, a French industrialized seaside city. PM samples were characterized from a chemical and toxicological point of view. Physicochemical characterization evidenced that PM2.5 comes from several sources: natural ones, such as soil resuspension and marine sea-salt emissions, as well as anthropogenic ones, such as shipping traffic, road traffic, and industrial activities. Human BEAS-2B lung cells were exposed to PM0.3-2.5, or to the Extractable Organic Matter (EOM) of PM0.3-2.5 and PM2.5. These exposures induced several mechanisms of action implied in the genotoxicity, such as oxidative DNA adducts and DNA Damage Response. The toxicity of PM-EOM was higher for the sample including the ultrafine fraction (PM2.5) containing also higher concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These results evidenced the major role of organic compounds in the toxicity of PM. (C) 2018 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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