Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Volume 209, Issue -, Pages 328-335Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.071
Keywords
Hydrothermal carbonization; Dairy manure; Ammonium; Orthophosphate; Inorganic nutrients
Categories
Funding
- Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303091]
- foundation of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2662016PY108, 2015PY077]
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In this study, dairy manure was converted into solid and liquid products via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) to determine optimal reaction conditions to retain the greatest amounts of inorganic nutrients. The influence of three parameters, reaction temperature (150-270 degrees C), residence time (0.5-6 h) and manure/water ratio (5/200-25/200 g/mL), on the total nutrient content (TNC) in the solid and liquid products were investigated using a 5-level, 3-factor orthogonal test and principal components analysis (PCA). Also, the distribution characteristics of inorganic nutrients were determined using single factor tests. The maximum TNC of the solid product was 22.92 mg/g, obtained at manure/water ratio of 20/200 g/mL and performed at 240 degrees C for 6 h. For obtaining the maximum TNC of liquid product, the most optimal conditions were 150 degrees C, 1 h and 20/200 g/mL which produced TNC of 1619.55 mg/L. The proportion of ammonium (NH4+-N) and orthophosphate (PO43-) were also analyzed in the liquid product. The amount of NH4+-N increased with reaction temperature increasing and manure/water ratio decreasing, the main form of phosphorus (P) was PO43- in the liquid product, and most of the potassium (K) were also dissolved in the liquid product. These results indicate that the HTC could be a promising approach for the utilization of dairy manure as inorganic fertilizer in the future. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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