Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Volume 220, Issue -, Pages 191-197Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.05.010
Keywords
Nitrogen release; Recycle plastics; Root zone; Soil water
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31572201]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2015CM035, ZR2015CL042]
- Shandong agricultural innovation team [SDAIT-17-04]
- projects of commercialization of research findings of Shandong Province [[2014] 183]
- Great innovation projects in agriculture of Shandong Province [[2013] 136]
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The use of controlled-release urea (CRU) has become one of best management practices for increasing crop yield and improving nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE). However, the effects of CRU on direct-seeded rice are not well understood while direct-seeding has gradually replaced transplanting due to increasing labor cost and lack of irrigation water. The objective of this two-year field experiment was to compare the effects of the CRU at four rates (120, 180, 240 and 360 kg N ha(-1), CRU1, CRU2, CRU3 and CRU4, respectively) with a conventional urea fertilizer (360 kg N ha(-1); U) and a control (no N fertilizer applied; CK) on yield, biomass, NUE of direct-seeded rice and soil nutrients. The results indicated that the successive release rates of N from CRU corresponded well to the N requirements of rice. The use of CRU3 and CRU4 increased rice grain yields by 20.8 and 28.7%, respectively, compared with U. In addition, the NUEs were improved by all CRU treatments compared to the U treatment. Concentrations of NO3--N and NH4+-N in the soil were increased, especially during the later growth stages of the rice, and the leaching of N was reduced with CRU treatments. In conclusion, applying CRU on direct-seeded rice increased the crops yields and NUE, increased nitrogen availability at the late growth stages, and reduced N leaching.
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