Applicability of electrochemical methods to paper mill wastewater for reuse. Anodic oxidation with BDD and TiRuSnO2 anodes

The electrochemical oxidation of paper mill wastewater belonging from Haifa industries (Tunisia) was performed by galvanostatic electrolysis using boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes and Ti-Ru-Sn ternary oxide (TiRuSnO2). The effect of several operating parameters, such as applied current density, flow rate, temperature, initial pH value and addition of NaCl was evaluated. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium measurements were carried out to study the treatment of the actual wastewater. The energy consumption analysis has been also discussed. The experimental results exhibited that galvanostatic electrolyses with BDD always allowed efficient COD removal in any conditions thanks to the reaction with hydroxyl radicals electrogenerated on BDD surface during electrolysis. On the contrary, using the TiRuSnO2 anode, the complete COD removal was only obtained in the presence of chloride ions. Comparison of the results of the two electrodes showed that BDD provided a faster removal with higher efficiency and lower energy consumption, while TiRuSnO2 was more efficient for ammonium removal.