Journal
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
Volume 111, Issue 5, Pages 2089-2100Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy216
Keywords
Asian citrus psyllid; autodissemination; biological control; entomopathogenic fungi; microbial control
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Funding
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Huanglongbing Multi-Agency Coordination (HLB MAC) Group [15-8130-0490-CA]
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Autodissemination and foliar sprays of PFR-97 (Certis Inc., Columbia, MD) microbial insecticide, a blastospore formulation of Isena fumosorosea Wize (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), were evaluated for control of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), on residential citrus. Seasonal trials on dooryard trees in South Texas evaluated: 1) pathogenicity of I. fumosorosea(Ifr) spores on autodisseminators (dispensers) deployed up to 3 wk on grapefruit trees; 2) psyllid control on several citrus species by dispensers and sprays; 3) infection range of the dispenser. Decline in spore pathogenicity over time was similar among dispensers during fall, winter, or spring and decreased by 30% after 1 d, 59% after 7 d, 81% after 14 d, and 100% after 21 d. Dispensers or sprays were equally effective for psyllid control on heavily infested lime trees from fall to spring and reduced mean reproduction (cumulative eggs) by 90% and mean attack intensity (cumulative psyllid-days) of adults by 76% and nymphs by 82%. Dispensers or sprays were also equally effective for psyllid control on lightly infested lime trees from spring to mid-summer and on orange or grapefruit trees from fall to winter. Very light infestations on grapefruit trees from spring to mid-summer were not significantly reduced by dispensers or sprays. Psyllid control was not improved by combining dispensers and sprays. Adult psyllids infected by /fr were recovered in trees located 3-4 m away from trees with dispensers but not at greater distances. PFR-97 dispensers could be a treatment option for D. citri in settings where chemical control is problematic.
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