Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 27, Pages 8764-8782Publisher
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i27.8764
Keywords
Inflammatory bowel diseases; Crohn's disease; Ulcerative colitis; Extraintestinal manifestations; Neurological disorders; Multiple sclerosis; Progressive multifocal encephalopathy; Demyelinating neuropathies; Cerebrovascular diseases; Side effects
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Extraintestinal manifestations occur in about one-third of patients living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and may precede the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms by many years. Neurologic disorders associated with IBD are not frequent, being reported in 3% of patients, but they often represent an important cause of morbidity and a relevant diagnostic issue. In addition, the increasing use of immunosuppressant and biological therapies for IBD may also play a pivotal role in the development of neurological disorders of different type and pathogenesis. Hence, we provide a complete and profound review of the main features of neurological complications associated with IBD, with particular reference to those related to drugs and with a specific focus on their clinical presentation and possible pathophysiological mechanisms. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
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