Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 128, Issue 4, Pages 1458-1470Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI94330
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Funding
- US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK074868, DK063491, DK101395]
- American Heart Association
- POSCO TJ Park Foundation
- Takeda California Inc.
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [P01DK074868, P30DK063491, R01DK101395] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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We have previously reported that the fractalkine (FKN)/CX3CR1 system represents a novel regulatory mechanism for insulin secretion and 13 cell function. Here, we demonstrate that chronic administration of a long-acting form of FKN, FKN-Fc, can exert durable effects to improve glucose tolerance with increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and decreased beta cell apoptosis in obese rodent models. Unexpectedly, chronic FKN-Fc administration also led to decreased a cell glucagon secretion. In islet cells, FKN inhibited ATP-sensitive potassium channel conductance by an ERK-dependent mechanism, which triggered beta cell action potential (AP) firing and decreased alpha cell AP amplitude. This results in increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and decreased glucagon secretion. Beyond its islet effects, FKN-Fc also exerted peripheral effects to enhance hepatic insulin sensitivity due to inhibition of glucagon action. In hepatocytes, FKN treatment reduced glucagon-stimulated cAMP production and CREB phosphorylation in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. Together, these results raise the possibility of use of FKN-based therapy to improve type 2 diabetes by increasing both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.
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