Journal
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
Volume 31, Issue 19, Pages 7751-7769Publisher
AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0184.1
Keywords
Air-sea interaction
Categories
Funding
- Independent Research and Development Program at WHOI
- NSF OCE PO grant [NSF OCE-1242989]
- NOAA CP CVP grants [NA15OAR4310176, NA17OAR4310255]
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China [2017YFA0603902]
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1419235] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Decadal variability of the subsurface ocean heat content (OHC) in the Indian Ocean is investigated using a coupled climate model experiment, in which observed eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (EPSST) anomalies are specified. This study intends to understand the contributions of external forcing relative to those of internal variability associated with EPSST, as well as the mechanisms by which the Pacific impacts Indian Ocean OHC. Internally generated variations associated with EPSST dominate decadal variations in the subsurface Indian Ocean. Consistent with ocean reanalyses, the coupled model reproduces a pronounced east-west dipole structure in the southern tropical Indian Ocean and discontinuities in westward-propagating signals in the central Indian Ocean around 100 degrees E. This implies distinct mechanisms by which the Pacific impacts the eastern and western Indian Ocean on decadal time scales. Decadal variations of OHC in the eastern Indian Ocean are attributed to 1) western Pacific surface wind anomalies, which trigger oceanic Rossby waves propagating westward through the Indonesian Seas and influence Indonesian Throughflow transport, and 2) zonal wind anomalies over the central tropical Indian Ocean, which trigger eastward-propagating Kelvin waves. Decadal variations of OHC in the western Indian Ocean are linked to conditions in the Pacific via changes in the atmospheric Walker cell, which trigger anomalous wind stress curl and Ekman pumping in the central tropical Indian Ocean. Westward-propagating oceanic Rossby waves extend the influence of this anomalous Ekman pumping to the western Indian Ocean.
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