Journal
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 22, Issue 6, Pages 2964-2969Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13598
Keywords
bioprinting; cardiovascular tissue engineering; cell spheroids; Kenzan method; scaffold-free biofabrication
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Funding
- Office of Vice Chancellor for Research at IUPUI
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Biofabrication of tissue analogues is aspiring to become a disruptive technology capable to solve standing biomedical problems, from generation of improved tissue models for drug testing to alleviation of the shortage of organs for transplantation. Arguably, the most powerful tool of this revolution is bioprinting, understood as the assembling of cells with biomaterials in three-dimensional structures. It is less appreciated, however, that bioprinting is not a uniform methodology, but comprises a variety of approaches. These can be broadly classified in two categories, based on the use or not of supporting biomaterials (known as scaffolds, usually printable hydrogels also called bioinks). Importantly, several limitations of scaffold-dependent bioprinting can be avoided by the scaffold-free methods. In this overview, we comparatively present these approaches and highlight the rapidly evolving scaffold-free bioprinting, as applied to cardiovascular tissue engineering.
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