Selective conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene using germanium talc as catalyst

Preparation conditions of the germanium talc catalyst, which selectively produces 1,3-butadiene in the conversion of ethanol, were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of the reaction variables on the rate and selectivity of 1,3-butadiene formation was examined at 673 K. The electronic properties of the germanium talc were elucidate by O-1s, Mg-2p, and Ge-3d X-ray photoelectron measurements, while the atomic charges of these atoms were estimated by DR' calculations. Subsequently, the role of the oxygen atoms on the surface of the germanium talc to produce 1,3-butadiene was discussed on the basis of the afforded results. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.