Journal
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
Volume 200, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JB.00228-18
Keywords
EHEC; enterohemorrhagic E. coli; pathogenesis; posttranscriptional regulation; regulation of gene expression; sRNA; virulence
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01AI118732, R21AI130439]
- NIH [5 T32 AI055432]
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To adapt to ever-changing environments, pathogens quickly alter gene expression. This can occur through transcriptional, posttranscriptional, or posttranslational regulation. Historically, transcriptional regulation has been thoroughly studied to understand pathogen niche adaptation, whereas posttranscriptional and posttranslational gene regulation has only relatively recently been appreciated to play a central role in bacterial pathogenesis. Posttranscriptional regulation may involve chaperones, nucleases, and/or noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) and typically controls gene expression by altering the stability and/or translation of the target mRNA. In this review, we highlight the global importance of posttranscriptional regulation to enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) gene expression and discuss specific mechanisms of how EHEC regulates expression of virulence factors critical to host colonization and disease progression. The low infectious dose of this intestinal pathogen suggests that EHEC is particularly well adapted to respond to the host environment.
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