Journal
GENOME RESEARCH
Volume 25, Issue 7, Pages 927-936Publisher
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1101/gr.192278.115
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [1K25HL121295-01A1, HHSN26820100029C, R01MH101814, 1R01HL124285-01, 1R01GM110251-01]
- Edmond J. Safra Center for Bioinformatics at Tel-Aviv University
- Israel Science Foundation [989/08]
- German-Israeli Foundation [1094-33.2/2010]
- Binational Science Foundation [2012304]
- Hewlett-Packard Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Clarendon Scholarship
- NDM Studentship
- Green Templeton College Award from the University of Oxford
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
- Orion-Farmos Research Foundation
- Emil Aaltonen Foundation
- Common Fund of the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
- NCI \ SAIC-Frederick, Inc. (SAIC-F) [10XS170, 10XS171, X10S172]
- SAIC-F [10ST1035]
- University of Miami grant [DA006227]
- University of Geneva [MH090941]
- University of Chicago [MH090951, MH090937]
- University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill [MH090936]
- Harvard University [MH090948]
- National Human Genome Research Institute Medical Sequencing Program grant [U54 HG003067]
- [HHSN268201000029C]
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Genomic imprinting is an important regulatory mechanism that silences one of the parental copies of a gene. To systematically characterize this phenomenon, we analyze tissue specificity of imprinting from allelic expression data in 1582 primary tissue samples from 178 individuals from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. We characterize imprinting in 42 genes, including both novel and previously identified genes. Tissue specificity of imprinting is widespread, and gender. specific effects are revealed in a small number of genes in muscle with stronger imprinting in males. IGF2 shows maternal expression in the brain instead of the canonical paternal expression elsewhere. Imprinting appears to have only a subtle impact on tissue-specific expression levels, with genes lacking a systematic expression difference between tissues with imprinted and biallelic expression. In summary, our systematic characterization of imprinting in adult tissues highlights variation in imprinting between genes, individuals, and tissues.
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