Farm and abattoir sources of Carnobacterium species and implications for lamb meat spoilage

AimsTo investigate the transmission route of Carnobacterium from the farm environment to the meat-manufacturing plant and potential risk for meat spoilage. Methods and ResultsA sheep farm-level survey of Carnobacterium, consisting of 150 environmental and animal (no 100) associated samples, was carried out on two farms. A further 20 lamb carcass samples were taken from an abattoir servicing one of the farms. The majority of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum isolates were associated with fleece followed by hard sheep contact surfaces, rectal-anal mucosal swabs and carcasses. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consenus PCR (ERIC-PCR) profiling revealed four distinct ERIC types. Each ERIC type was found on both farms, three of which were also found on lamb carcasses. ConclusionsEnterobacterial repetitive intergenic consenus PCR was effective at demonstrating within-species variability in C. maltaromaticum. This study provides initial information showing that farm sources maybe an important transmission route of Carnobacterium for contamination of lamb carcasses and subsequently the meat processing environment. Significance and Impact of the StudyData on distribution, diversity, sources and transmission routes for meat product contamination is limited for spoilage bacteria. This study highlights the importance of good hygienic slaughter practices and cleaning routines to remove accumulated detritus from the handling of animals that may lead to cross-contamination.