Journal
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
Volume 749, Issue -, Pages 1000-1008Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.03.335
Keywords
Physical vapour deposition (PVD); High-temperature alloys; Phases separation; In situ TEM heating
Categories
Funding
- H FET OPEN Icarus project [713514]
- Innovate UK [113072]
- EPSRC [EP/K009877/1, EP/K00509X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Innovate UK [113072] Funding Source: UKRI
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The thermal stability and nanoscale structural evolution at elevated temperatures of a sputter deposited W-Ti alloy thin film were studied by a combination of ex situ and in situ techniques. XRD, FIB, SEM-EDX and STEM-EDX were used to characterise the film annealed ex situ in vacuum at 1373 K for 48 h. In situ TEM heating experiments were conducted at various temperatures up to 923 K to capture transitional phenomena occurring in the alloy upon heating and cooling. At a microscopic level, the alloy annealed at 1373 K for 48 h transformed from a single-phase beta-(WTi) solid solution into a two-phase alloy consisting of Ti-rich grains in equilibrium with Ti-depleted beta-(WTi) solid solution grains. In situ TEM observations revealed initial Ti segregations along columnar grain boundaries at T similar to 423-573 K, followed by Ti-rich clusters formation in the grains interior at T similar to 573-773 K. The microstructure observed at 923 K remained stable upon cooling to room temperature and consisted of Ti-rich segregations along the columnar grain boundaries and of alternate Ti-rich and Ti-depleted nanoscale domains in the grains interior, which formed a stable dual-phase nanocrystalline structure. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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