Journal
CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS
Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 282-290Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s13670-014-0101-x
Keywords
Aging; Cardiovascular disease; Exercise; Physical activity; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Aerobic fitness; Memory; Declarativememory; Episodicmemory; Executive functions; Cognitive control; Attention; Processing speed; MRI; fMRI; Diffusion tensor imaging
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Funding
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Rehabilitation Research & Development Service [e7822w]
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Aging is characterized by a decline in cognitive functions, particularly in the domains of executive function, processing speed and episodic memory. These age-related declines are exacerbated by cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, elevated total cholesterol). Structural and functional alterations in brain regions, including the fronto-parietal and medial temporal lobes, have been linked to age-and CVD-related cognitive decline. Multiple recent studies indicate that aerobic exercise programs may slow the progression of age-related neural changes and reduce the risk for mild cognitive impairment as well as dementia. We review age-and CVD-related decline in cognition and the underlying changes in brain morphology and function, and then clarify the impact of aerobic exercise on moderating these patterns.
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