Journal
MEMBRANES
Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 747-763Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/membranes4040747
Keywords
AP complex; mu 1B; clathrin adaptor; vesicular transport; sorting signal; polarized sorting; epithelial cell; inflammation; cancer
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Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [26116709]
- Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan (Koji Hase), for Scientific research A [24249029]
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [20113003]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26116709, 20113003] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The selective transport of proteins or lipids by vesicular transport is a fundamental process supporting cellular physiology. The budding process involves cargo sorting and vesicle formation at the donor membrane and constitutes an important process in vesicular transport. This process is particularly important for the polarized sorting in epithelial cells, in which the cargo molecules need to be selectively sorted and transported to two distinct destinations, the apical or basolateral plasma membrane. Adaptor protein (AP)-1, a member of the AP complex family, which includes the ubiquitously expressed AP-1A and the epithelium-specific AP-1B, regulates polarized sorting at the trans-Golgi network and/or at the recycling endosomes. A growing body of evidence, especially from studies using model organisms and animals, demonstrates that the AP-1-mediated polarized sorting supports the development and physiology of multi-cellular units as functional organs and tissues (e.g., cell fate determination, inflammation and gut immune homeostasis). Furthermore, a possible involvement of AP-1B in the pathogenesis of human diseases, such as Crohn's disease and cancer, is now becoming evident. These data highlight the significant contribution of AP-1 complexes to the physiology of multicellular organisms, as master regulators of polarized sorting in epithelial cells.
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