Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 72, Issue -, Pages 55-62Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.05.004
Keywords
Latent tuberculosis; Interferon-gamma release assay; Prevalence; Risk factors; Population
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Health, Singapore, under the CD-PHRG [MOHCS14MAR001]
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Objectives: This first cross-sectional survey on latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Singapore was performed by utilizing the QuantiFERON Gold In-tube (QFT-GIT) assay to collect data on the prevalence of LTBI and to identify potential risk factors associated with LTBI. Methods: Nationwide household addresses were selected randomly for enumeration, and Singaporeans or Permanent Residents aged 18-79 years were identified. One eligible member per household was selected using the Kish grid. Each participant answered a questionnaire assessing their medical history (including tuberculosis (TB)), socio-economic factors, and lifestyle factors. They also provided a blood specimen for the QFT-GIT assay. Participants with a positive QFT-GIT result were defined as having LTBI if they were asymptomatic. To identify independent risk factors, adjusted hazard ratios were obtained using the multivariable modified Breslow-Cox proportional hazards model. Results: An overall QFT-GIT positivity rate of 12.7% was detected amongst 1682 Singapore residents. There was a wide variation in the positivity rate according to the participants' country of birth. Higher LTBI prevalence was also significantly associated with increasing age, lower educational and socio-economic status, and alcohol use. Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of LTBI amongst foreign-born residents from regional countries, similar studies should be conducted amongst migrants in Singapore to improve national guidelines on screening and preventive treatment against LTBI. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
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