Enhancing sinterability and electrochemical properties of Ba(Zr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2)O3-δ proton conducting electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells by addition of NiO

The influence of NiO on the sintering behavior and electrical properties of proton conducting Ba(Zr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2)(03-delta) (BZCY7) as an electrolyte supporter for solid oxide fuel cells is systematically investigated. SEM images and shrinkage curve demonstrate that the sinterability of the electrolyte pellets is dramatically improved by doping Ni0 as a sintering aid. The sintering aid amount and sintering temperature are optimized by analyzing the linear shrinkage, grain size and morphology for a series of sintered BZCY7 electrolyte pellets. Almost full dense electrolyte pellets are successfully formed by using 0.5-1.0 wt% NiO loading after sintering at 1400 degrees C for 6 h. The linear shrinkage of 0.5 wt% NiO modified BZCY7 sample is about 14.25% higher than that without NiO addition (4.81%). Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis indicate that partial NiO might dissolve into the perovskite lattice structure and the other NiO react with BZCY7 to form BaY2NiO5 secondary phase as a sintering aid. Excessive NiO is especially detrimental to the electrical properties of BZCY7 and thus lower the open circuit voltage. The electrochemical performance for a series of single cells with different concentration NiO modified BZCY7 electrolyte are measured and analyzed. The optimized composition of 0.5 wt% NiO modified BZCY7 as an electrolyte support for solid oxide fuel cell demonstrates a high electrochemical performance. (C) 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.