Pedestrian Evacuation Modeling and Simulation on Metro Platforms Considering Panic Impacts

A pedestrian evacuation model is presented, in which the social force model and a mathematical model are incorporated. The social force model is capable of describing the pedestrian behavior realistically under the non-panic evacuation situations. However, a series of catastrophes make us reasonably think about crowd dynamics under stress and panic. In order to forecast the catastrophe point of pedestrian mood changes in a real emergency situation, a mathematical model is proposed by considering residence time, crowd density and exit distance. This paper follows the implementation of the system simulation modeling environment written in Java program language on AnyLogic simulation software to facilitate studying the panic spread mechanisms of passengers. Furthermore, different simulation scenarios on passenger evacuation from the platform of the Xizhimen Metro station in Beijing are carried out to validate the feasibility of the proposed method and to further evaluate the influence of evacuees' number and pedestrian distribution on evacuation efficiency when passenger panic is spreading. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd.