Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES
Volume 21, Issue 1, Pages 929-941Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1460757
Keywords
Alkaline fermentation; Bacillus species; Dawadawa; Bambara groundnut; Volatile compounds; Headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME); Gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS)
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The reports on the volatile compounds of a dawadawa-type African food condiment produced from the alkaline fermentation of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) using Bacillus starter cultures are limited. Volatile compounds were isolated from dawadawa-type condiments using headspace solid phase microextraction and analysed by comprehensive gas chromatography coupled to time of flight mass spectrometry. Acids, aldehydes and alcohols accounted for over 70% of the volatile compounds produced in the Bacillus fermented samples. B. subtilis subsp. subtilis SFBA3 produced the highest content of acids (4969.60 mu gkg(-1)), while the highest content of aldehydes (2811.90 mu gkg(-1)) and alcohols (1247.60 mu gkg(-1)) was detected with Bacillus cereus PALB7 and Bacillus licheniformis OALB2, respectively. Sulphur-containing compounds concentration (85.80 mu gkg(-1)) was highest for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SFBA2. Maximum 2-methyl butanoic acid and 3-methyl butanoic acid concentrations, indicative of typical dawadawa aroma, were produced by B. subtilis subsp. subtilis SFBA3.
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