Journal
GENE EXPRESSION
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 197-203Publisher
COGNIZANT COMMUNICATION CORP
DOI: 10.3727/105221615X14399878166276
Keywords
ELK3; MT1-MMP; Breast cancer; Metastasis
Funding
- Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) of the Korean government (MOST) [NRF-2015R1A2A2A01003498, 2012M3A9C6050367]
- Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ010033]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2012M3A9C6050367] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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ELK3 is a member of the Ets family of transcription factors. Its expression is associated with angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and chondrogenesis. ELK3 inhibits endothelial migration and tube formation through the regulation of MT1-MMP transcription. This study assessed the function of ELK3 in breast cancer (BC) cells by comparing its expression between basal and luminal cells in silico and in vitro. In silico analysis showed that ELK3 expression was higher in the more aggressive basal BC cells than in luminal BC cells. Similarly, in vitro analysis showed that ELK3 mRNA and protein expression was higher in basal BC cells than in normal cells and luminal BC cells. To investigate whether ELK3 regulates basal cell migration or invasion, knockdown was achieved by siRNA in the basal BC cell line MDA-MB-231. Inhibition of ELK3 expression decreased cell migration and invasion and downregulated MT1-MMP, the expression of which is positively correlated with tumor cell invasion. In silico analysis revealed that ELK3 expression was associated with that of MT1-MMP in several BC cell lines (0.98 Pearson correlation coefficient). Though MT1-MMP expression was upregulated upon ELK3 nuclear translocation, ELK3 did not directly bind to the 1.3-kb promoter region of the MT1-MMP gene. These results suggest that ELK3 plays a positive role in the metastasis of BC cells by indirectly regulating MT1-MMP expression.
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