Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
Volume 95, Issue 9-12, Pages 4031-4037Publisher
SPRINGER LONDON LTD
DOI: 10.1007/s00170-017-1528-y
Keywords
Additive manufacturing; Stainless steel; Microstructure; Hardness; DMLS
Funding
- National Center for Defense Manufacturing and Machining under the America Makes Program [4047]
- Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-12-2-7230]
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Microstructural analysis and micro-hardness measurements were performed on different planes of 316L stainless steel fabricated by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technique. A fine cellular network was observed within the steel microstructure, where morphology of most cells changed from columnar on XZ-plane (vertical section) to equiaxed on XY-plane (horizontal section). Correspondingly, morphology of most grains was found to alter from columnar for the XZ-plane to equiaxed in the case of the XY-plane. Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a fully austenitic structure for both the planes. The average micro-hardness value for the XZ-plane and XY-plane was insignificantly (ae 3%) different, which was attributed to the random grain orientation observed on both the planes. However, the average micro-hardness of the DMLS-fabricated 316L stainless steel in this contribution was approximately 25% higher than that of the as-cast one.
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