Journal
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Volume 24, Issue 10, Pages 2142-2154Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy080
Keywords
personalized nutrition; gut microbiome; dietary intervention; clinical trials
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Funding
- grant DINAMIC (Diet-induced Arrangement of the gut Microbiome for Improvement of Cardiometabolic health) within the Joint Programming Initiative A Healthy Diet for a Healthy life (JPI HDHL) - Joint Action Intestinal Microbiomics
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The importance of the gut microbiome in human health and disease is fully acknowledged. A perturbation in the equilibrium among the different microbial populations living in the gut (dysbiosis) has been associated with the development of several types of diseases. Modulation of the gut microbiome through dietary intervention is an emerging therapeutic and preventive strategy for many conditions. Nevertheless, interpersonal differences in response to therapeutic treatments or dietary regimens are often observed during clinical trials, and recent research has suggested that subject-specific features of the gut microbiota may be responsible. In this review, we summarize recent findings in personalized nutrition, highlighting how individualized characterization of the microbiome may assist in designing ad hoc tailored dietary intervention for disease treatment and prevention. Moreover, we discuss the limitations and challenges encountered in integrating patient-specific microbial data into clinical practice.
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