Journal
INFLAMMATION
Volume 41, Issue 5, Pages 1681-1689Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0812-9
Keywords
andrographolide; atherosclerosis; inflammation; reactive oxygen species; foam cell formation
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Funding
- Nanjing Medical University [2017NJMU012]
- Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China [2017A020211007]
- Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [2016A030311014]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [2015A030313582]
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Inflammation, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia are major factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Andrographolide, a bioactive component of Andrographis paniculata, has several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. This study shows that andrographolide downregulates the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory molecules monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and interleukin (IL)-6 and blocks the nuclear factor-B signaling pathway in macrophages. Additionally, andrographolide treatment decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in oxLDL-induced macrophages, indicating that the compound can decrease oxidative stress. The results also suggest that andrographolide suppresses oxLDL-induced foam cell formation and inhibits oxLDL-induced CD36 expression in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo studies have indicated that andrographolide treatment ameliorates atherosclerosis pathogenesis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Therefore, by suppressing inflammation, ROS generation, and foam cell formation, andrographolide may ameliorate the progression of atherosclerosis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic drug for the prevention and/or treatment of this disease.
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