Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
Volume 67, Issue 3, Pages 2543-2556Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2017.2764265
Keywords
Autonomous underwater vehicles; localization; mobility; underwater acoustic sensor network
Categories
Funding
- NSF of China [61503320, 61375105, 61633017, 61603328]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015M570235, 2016T90214]
- NSF of Hebei [F2016203117]
- Civil-military Integration Foundation of Hebei
- Hebei Postdoctoral Science Foundation [F2016203311]
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Most applications of underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) rely upon reliable location information of sensor nodes. However, the harsh underwater environment makes localization more challenging as compared to terrestrial sensor networks. This paper is concerned with a localization issue for UASNs, subject to clock asynchronization and node mobility. A hybrid architecture including autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), active and passive sensor nodes is designed, where AUVs act as anchor nodes to provide localization information for sensor nodes. In order to eliminate the effect of asynchronous clocks and compensate the mobility of sensor nodes, an asynchronous localization algorithm with mobility prediction is provided for active and passive sensor nodes. Then, two localization optimization problems are formulated as minimizing the sum of all measurement errors. To solve the localization optimization problems, iterative least squares estimators are designed. In addition, the convergence analysis and Cramer-Rao lower bound for the localization errors are also provided. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed localization approach can reduce the localization time by comparing with the exhaustive search-based localization method. Meanwhile, the asynchronous algorithm in this paper can effectively eliminate the impact of the clock asynchronization and node mobility.
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