Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
Volume 26, Issue 6, Pages 1254-1263Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2018.2829083
Keywords
Stuttering; functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS); speech production; children; data mining; feature extraction and selection; biomarkers; mutual information; sparse modeling
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Funding
- NIH [R03 DC013402 [13]]
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Stuttering is a communication disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population. Although 5-8% of preschool children begin to stutter, the majority will recover with or without intervention. There is a significant gap, however, in our understanding of why many children recover from stuttering while others persist and stutter throughout their lives. Detecting neurophysiological biomarkers of stuttering persistence is a critical objective of this paper. In this paper, we developed a novel supervised sparse feature learning approach to discover discriminative biomarkers from functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) brain imaging data recorded during a speech production experiment from 46 children in three groups: children who stutter (n = 16); children who do not stutter (n = 16); and children who recovered from stuttering (n = 14). We made an extensive feature analysis of the cerebral hemodynamics from fNIRS signals and selected a small number of important discriminative features using the proposed sparse feature learning framework. The selected features are capable of differentiating neural activation patterns between children who do and do not stutter with an accuracy of 87.5% based on a five-fold cross-validation procedure. The discovered set cerebral hemodynamics features are presented as a set of promising biomarkers to elucidate the underlying neurophysiology in children who have recovered or persisted in stuttering and to facilitate future data-driven diagnostics in these children.
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