Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
Volume 37, Issue 1, Pages 47-60Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2017.2723545
Keywords
MRI; X-ray imaging; heart; vessels; motion compensation; multi-modality fusion
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Funding
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) by the German Research Foundation (DFG)
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In X-ray fluoroscopy, static overlays are used to visualize soft tissue. We propose a system for cardiac and respiratory motion compensation of these overlays. It consists of a 3-D motion model created from real-time magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Multiple sagittal slices are acquired and retrospectively stacked to consistent 3-D volumes. Slice stacking considers cardiac information derived from the ECG and respiratory information extracted from the images. Additionally, temporal smoothness of the stacking is enhanced. Motion is estimated from the MR volumes using deformable 3-D/3-D registration. The motion model itself is a linear direct correspondence model using the same surrogate signals as slice stacking. In X-ray fluoroscopy, only the surrogate signals need to be extracted to apply the motion model and animate the overlay in real time. For evaluation, points are manually annotated in oblique MR slices and in contrast-enhanced X-ray images. The 2-D Euclidean distance of these points is reduced from 3.85 to 2.75 mm in MR and from 3.0 to 1.8 mm in X-ray compared with the static baseline. Furthermore, the motion-compensated overlays are shown qualitatively as images and videos.
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