Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
Volume 37, Issue 8, Pages 1920-1931Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2018.2818261
Keywords
Magnetic particle imaging; multi-colorMPI; nanoparticle relaxation; direct estimation; mirror symmetry
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Funding
- Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK 114E167]
- European Commission through FP7 Marie Curie Career Integration [PCIG13-GA-2013-618834]
- TUBA-GEBIP 2015 Program of the Turkish Academy of Sciences
- BAGEP 2016 Award of the Science Academy
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Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging modality with important potential applications, such as angiography, stem cell tracking, and cancer imaging. Recently, there have been efforts to increase the functionality of MPI via multi-color imaging methods that can distinguish the responses of different nanoparticles, or nanoparticles in different environmental conditions. The proposed techniques typically rely on extensive calibrations that capture the differences in the harmonic responses of the nanoparticles. In this paper, we propose a method to directly estimate the relaxation time constant of the nanoparticles from the MPI signal, which is then used to generate a multi-color relaxation map. The technique is based on the underlying mirror symmetry of the adiabatic MPI signal when the same region is scanned back and forth. We validate the proposed method via simulations, and via experiments on our in-house magnetic particle spectrometer setup at 10.8 kHz and our in-house MPI scanner at 9.7 kHz. Our results show that nanoparticles can be successfully distinguished with the proposed technique, without any calibration or prior knowledge about the nanoparticles.
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