A Hybrid Sparsity and Distance-Based Discrimination Detector for Hyperspectral Images

Hyperspectral target detection is an approach which tries to locate targets in a hyperspectral image on the condition of given targets spectrum. Many classical target detectors are based on the linear mixing model (LMM) and sparsity model. The LMM has a poor performance in dealing with the spectral variability. Therefore, more studies focus on the sparsity-based detectors, most of which are based on residual reconstruction. Owing to the fact that the impure dictionary for the test pixel weakens the detection performance and the discrimination ability of residual function has direct influence on the detecting accuracy, the dictionary purity and discriminative residual function are two most important factors affecting the accuracy of sparsity-based target detectors. In order to obtain more purified dictionary and discriminative residual function, this paper proposes a novel sparsity-based detector named the hybrid sparsity and distance-based discrimination (HSDD) detector for target detection in hyperspectral imagery. The residual function is constrained by the discrimination information during the dictionary construction, which enhances the dictionary purification. Only background samples are used to construct the dictionary because it is easier to remove the target pixel than to select it on the condition that majority of pixels are the background pixels. Hence, a purification process is applied for background training samples in order to construct an effective competition between the residual term and discriminative term. Extensive experimental results with four hyperspectral data sets demonstrate that the proposed HSDD algorithm has a better performance than the state-of-the-art algorithms.