Journal
BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/10/1/016002
Keywords
flapping flight; insect hovering stability; higher order averaging; nonlinear; time-periodic systems; flight dynamics
Funding
- NSF [CMMI-1435484]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1435484] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Because of the relatively high flapping frequency associated with hovering insects and flapping wing micro-air vehicles (FWMAVs), dynamic stability analysis typically involves direct averaging of the time-periodic dynamics over a flapping cycle. However, direct application of the averaging theorem may lead to false conclusions about the dynamics and stability of hovering insects and FWMAVs. Higher-order averaging techniques may be needed to understand the dynamics of flapping wing flight and to analyze its stability. We use second-order averaging to analyze the hovering dynamics of five insects in response to high-amplitude, high-frequency, periodic wing motion. We discuss the applicability of direct averaging versus second-order averaging for these insects.
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