Journal
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE ENGINEERING AND DECISION MAKING
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 4-32Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1555343415572631
Keywords
situation awareness; sensemaking; working memory; situation assessment; team situation awareness
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Situation awareness (SA) has become a widely used construct within the human factors community, the focus of considerable research over the past 25 years. This research has been used to drive the development of advanced information displays, the design of automated systems, information fusion algorithms, and new training approaches for improving SA in individuals and teams. In recent years, a number of papers criticized the Endsley model of SA on various grounds. I review those criticisms here and show them to be based on misunderstandings of the model. I also review several new models of SA, including situated SA, distributed SA, and sensemaking, in light of this discussion and show how they compare to existing models of SA in individuals and teams.
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