Effect of Aqueous Suspension of Graphene-Oxide Nanoparticles on Thermal Fluid Flow Transport in Circular Tube

Experimental study is performed on the turbulent heat transfer behavior of aqueous suspensions of nanoparticles flowing through a horizontal circular pipe heated under constant heat flux condition. Consideration is given to the e r ects of nanoparticle concentration and Reynolds number on heat transfer enhancement. It is found that (i) heat transfer enhancement is caused by suspending nanoparticles, so that maximum value of the Nusselt number is over twice than that of the pure working fluid, (ii) graphene-oxide-nanofluid developed here is non-Newtonian uid, and (iii) but the pressure drop for graphene-oxide-nanofluid is almost the same as that of the pure working uid, because volume fraction of particles is less than 1.0%.