Journal
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Volume 86, Issue 1, Pages 276-286Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12334
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Funding
- Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education [R305B090009]
- NICHD [R01HD07089053]
- UW-Madison research funds
- NICHD Center Core Grant [P30-HD03352]
- NSF [1113648]
- Direct For Education and Human Resources
- Division Of Research On Learning [1113648] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Four studies (N=192) tested whether young children use nonverbal information to make inferences about differences in social power. Five- and six-year-old children were able to determine which of two adults was in charge in dynamic videotaped conversations (Study 1) and in static photographs (Study 4) using only nonverbal cues. Younger children (3-4years) were not successful in Study 1 or Study 4. Removing irrelevant linguistic information from conversations did not improve the performance of 3- to 4-year-old children (Study 3), but including relevant linguistic cues did (Study 2). Thus, at least by 5years of age, children show sensitivity to some of the same nonverbal cues adults use to determine other people's social roles.
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